Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing intrathoracic infections, after thoracostomy, for traumatic haemo/pneumothorax - experience of Oradea county emergency hospital.

UNLABELLED The aim of the paper is to observe the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of antibacterials against empyema and pneumonia after tube thoracostomy for traumatic collections. MATERIAL AND METHODS Observational retrospective study over a ten years period (2002-2011), at the Oradea County Emergency Hospital on 939 patients with chest tube drainage for traumatic haemo/pneumothoraces. The morbidity by intrathoracic infections was 5,5% in the curative antibiotic group. RESULTS The median number of risk factors for surgical infections and case severity were not statistically different (p=0.9653 and p=0,6601) between cases with antibioprophylaxis and curative treatment, but the incidence of intrathoracic infection in the prophylaxis group (n=86) was half (2,3%). Antibioprophylaxis was effective in over 95% of the cases and it associated in-hospital length of stay, length of stay in the ICU and costs of care significantly (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p=0.0046) lesser than of those patients treated with curative regimen. The overall mortality was 8.6% within the curative regimen group with an attributable mortality to infections of 17.39%; but it was only 2.3% and respectively 0 within the prophylaxis group. CONCLUSIONS Antibiotic prophylaxis for intrathoracic infections after tube thoracostomy for traumatic collections was justified by case severity and risk factors and was effective and cost-efficient, but it should be administered selectively.